Cerebrovascular Disease: A Serious Complication After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

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A study published in the International Journal of Hematology found that the incidence of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) was approximately 10 times higher in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT)compared with the general Taiwanese population. Moreover, CVD was associated with the number of high-dose cytarabine courses given.
The researchers retrospectively evaluated clinical data from adult patients who underwent HSCT at an Asian tertiary medical center between January 2003 and December 2015. The study aimed to estimate CVD incidence, identify associated host-related and transplant procedure-related risk factors, and measure clinical outcomes (overall survival [OS] and disease-free survival [DFS]).
Data from 459 adult allogeneic HSCT recipients were assessed. Of this patient cohort, 4.4% (20/459) developed post-transplant CVD, 2.4% (11/459) had intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), and 2.2% (10/459) had cerebrovascular infarction. Median follow-up was 22.1 months (range, 0.17-172.7). All CVD events occurred within 2 years post-HSCT.
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